Subspecies Variation of Daucus carota Coastal (“Gummifer”) Morphotypes (Apiaceae) Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing

The genus Daucus is widely distributed worldwide, but with a concentration of diversity in the Mediterranean Region. The D. carota complex presents the greatest taxonomic problems in the genus. We focus on a distinctive phenotypic group of coastal morphotypes of D. carota, strictly confined to the margins to within about 0.5 km of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, which we here refer to as coastal morphotypes or D. carota subsp. “gummifer” complex. They are loosely morphologically coherent, sharing a relatively short stature, thick, broad, sometimes highly glossy leaf segments, and usually flat or convex fruiting umbels. We analyzed 288 accessions obtained from genebanks in England, France, and the USA, and an expedition to Spain in 2016, covering the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts and Balearic Islands, where much of the gummifer complex variation occurs. Our study includes 112 accessions not examined before in this context. Genotyping-by-sequencing identified 29,041 filtered SNPs. Based on high bootstrap support from maximum likelihood and Structure analysis we highlight three main clades. The gummifer morphotypes are intercalated with members of Daucus carota subspecies carota and subspecies maximus in two of these main clades, including a clade containing accessions from Tunisia (also including D. carota subsp. capillifolius) and a clade containing accessions from western Europe (including the British Isles), southern Europe (including the Balearic Islands and the Iberian Peninsula) and Morocco. These results support five independent selections of the gummifer morphotypes in these restricted maritime environments in the Mediterranean and nearby Atlantic coasts. Daucus annuus (=Tornabenea annua) and Daucus tenuissimus (=Tornabenea tenuissima) also fall firmly within D. carota, supporting their classification as morphologically well-defined subspecies of D. carota, which are accepted here under the new combinations Daucus carota subsp. annuus and D. carota subsp. tenuissimus , respectively. Types are indicated for most of treated names, including designation of four lectotypes and three epitypes, which fix their further use.This research was partly funded by the research grant UA2004-47056131 (University of Alicante) to FMF and by the USDA

Differential Selection on Carotenoid Biosynthesis Genes as a Function of Gene Position in the Metabolic Pathway: A Study on the Carrot and Dicots

Background: Selection of genes involved in metabolic pathways could target them differently depending on the position of genes in the pathway and on their role in controlling metabolic fluxes. This hypothesis was tested in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway using population genetics and phylogenetics. Methodology/Principal Findings: Evolutionary rates of seven genes distributed along the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway

Carrot root quality

Carrot is considered a healthy vegetable as it is rich in fibre and antioxidant-related compounds and with a low level of kilocalories. Some compounds are involved in both the nutritional and sensory quality. In most cases, carrot quality is highly dependent on the variety. However, environment conditions and growing practices influence carrot composition significantly. Whether for breeding for product quality or for producing carrots with high and stable quality, such influence needs to be better understood and taken into account. This chapter discusses the determinants of carrot quality, focusing on the influence of growing environment (such as area and year of production, sowing date and crop cycle, temperature and soil nature), growing practices (e.g. soil preparation, application of nitrogen, water supply, cover crops and growth stimulators), and cropping systems (conventional and organic). The effects of various stresses, such as water, temperature, salinity, cold, hail and Alternaria dauci infection, on carrot root composition and sensory perception are also discussed

Etude de la diversité pigmentaire chez la carotte pour la création de nouvelles variétés axées sur leurs qualités

Etude de la diversité pigmentaire chez la carotte pour la création de nouvelles variétés axées sur leurs qualitésEtude de la diversité pigmentaire chez la carotte pour la création de nouvelles variétés axées sur leurs qualité

Carrots and related Apiaceae crops

This book covers the scientific basis of biology and production of carrots and related Apiaceae crops, with updated technical crop management content. This new edition is divided intro three sections: (i) crops' importance and main features; (ii) carrots, from their genetic diversity and breeding to cropping systems, pests and disease management, quality, postharvest and valorization; and (iii) main aspects of 13 other cultivated Apiaceae. This book also highlights both unique and shared characteristics among Apiaceae species, describes the links between scientific principles and cropping systems and explores the relationship between crop management and product quality. Root quality, organic production and consumer expectations are also covered

Total quercetin content in onion : survey of cultivars grown at various locations

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